What is considered the master gland in horses?

The pituitary gland is often referred to as the master gland in horses because it plays a critical role in regulating various hormonal functions throughout the body. This small gland, located at the base of the brain, produces and secretes several key hormones that influence growth, metabolism, and reproductive processes. Among its many functions, the pituitary gland releases hormones that control other glands, such as the adrenal and thyroid glands, thereby coordinating the body’s response to stress, energy metabolism, and overall homeostasis.

For instance, it secretes adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which stimulates the adrenal glands to produce cortisol, a hormone that helps manage stress and energy production. Moreover, the pituitary gland influences the functioning of the thyroid by releasing thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which regulates metabolism. Understanding the significance of the pituitary gland emphasizes the interconnected nature of the endocrine system in horses, highlighting its vital role in maintaining health and performance.